acronym(n)首字母縮略字
for example:
FBI:Federal Bureau of Investigation(US government)
CIA:Central Intelligence Agency中央情報局CIA是一個獨立的美國政府機構,負責國家安全情報的美國高級決策者
MBA:Master of Business Administration
BSC:Bachelor of Science
Bachelor's degree~學士學位
A bachelor's degree is usually an academic degree earned for an undergraduate course or major that generally lasts four years, but can range anywhere from three to seven years depending on the region of the world. In some exceptional cases, it may also be the name of a postgraduate degree, such as a bachelor of civil law, the bachelor of music, the bachelor of philosophy, or the bachelor of sacred theology degree.
During the Renaissance, those who received a doctorate, upon passing their final examinations, were decorated with berried branches of bay, an ancient symbol of highest honor. From this ancient custom derives the French word baccalauréat (from the Latin bacca, a berry, and laureus, of the bay laurel), and, by modification, the term "bachelor" in referring to one who holds a university degree.[1] from wikipedia
PH.D:Doctor of Philosophy
有一些網站介紹縮寫的stand for,可參考:Acronym Finder
http://www.acronymfinder.com
by the way, there is a dictionary provides some information usefully
An English-Chinese dictionary of food and beverage